P05 · Class-IV Verbs and the u-Stem

"New action: paśyati — 'he sees.' How would you say 'I see'?" (paśyāmi) "And 'you see'?" (paśyasi)
"This is a new family. Its hallmark is root + ya: paś-ya-ti — can you hear that ya? There's another one you'll like:
āgacchati — 'he comes.' It's gacchati with ā prefixed ('toward here'). To go is gacchati; to come is āgacchati."
(Teacher's note: āgacchati still belongs to the gacchati family (Class I), not the ya family — if students ask, a brief spoken remark is enough.)

Sentence-building chain: paśyati → paśyāmi → gurum paśyāmi → kumāraḥ gurum paśyati → kumāro guruṃ paśyati (sandhi) → gurur āgacchati

"guru puts on its endings: subject ending guruḥ, object ending gurum. This is the third time —
the deva family, the agni family, the guru family — the endings never change."
"The final sandhi piece: guruḥ āgacchati → gurur āgacchati.
-uḥ before a voiced sound or vowel becomes -ur — exactly the same family as last week's -iḥ→-ir. -aḥ becomes o; -iḥ/-uḥ get an r-ending: the set is complete."

Building block (use-first, analyze-later — this lesson set): bhavān (you·masc., honorific) / bhavatī (you·fem., honorific) — polite second-person address in the classroom.

Student asks teacher: bhavān kaḥ? (Who are you, sir?) — aham guruḥ. bhavān kutra gacchati? (sentence pattern from RSS L5).

(bhavān shares its origin with Thai ภพ (Thai: "realm, existence") / สมภพ (Thai: "origin, birth") — both from root √bhū "to be, to become"; "the existent one" elevated into an honorific. Its formal home (where it's formally taught) is the -vat stem, coming in a later lesson; once bhavān is introduced, a whole batch of RSS sentences [bhavān kaḥ/gacchati/pibati…] become available to the classroom. RSS frequency 1.5%. See 積木層研究-高頻即用塊.)